For an air filter to be designated “True HEPA,” it must remove 99.97% of airborne allergens, smoke particulates, bacteria, mold spores, and viruses above 0.3 microns in size. HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air) filtration traps airborne particulates in steps. Larger particles are caught while passing over the outer HEPA layer, while smaller particles are pulled further into the filter, becoming lodged within the tightly-woven fibers.